abstract：:Bronchiectasis is generally classified into cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. This review article describes non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in adults. Bronchiectasis can be considered a heterogeneous condition characterized by irreversible airway dilatation with chronic bronchial infection/inf...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： King P,Holdsworth S,Freezer N,Holmes P

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Our previous work identified deficiencies in stroke care practices at regional hospitals in comparison to standards suggested by published stroke care guidelines. These deficiencies might be improved by the implementation of clinical pathways. The aim of this study was to assess changes in acute stroke care ...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Read SJ,Levy J

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic lead exposure is recognized as a potential cause of hyperuricaemia, kidney damage and hypertension. The fascinating story of lead poisoning and nephrotoxicity illustrates the utility of descriptive studies in the early elucidation of a new disease entity. The pursuit towards understanding lead nephropathy is p...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Chow KM,Liu ZC,Szeto CC

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is evidence of the increasing use of complementary and alternative medicine by Australians diagnosed with cancer. Given the increasing desire of cancer patients to use complementary and alternative medicine, it is important that clinicians have a good understanding of the evidence available in this field. This c...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Joske DJ,Rao A,Kristjanson L

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) in ischaemic stroke outside of experienced stroke centres remains controversial. The aim of this study was to present the initial experience with t-PA in patients with ischaemic stroke at an institution with no prior experience in i.v. stroke thrombolysis and to comp...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Bray JE,Coughlan K,Bladin C

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups are 'neutral polymorphisms' in the mtDNA genome, which have accumulated and persisted along maternal lineages as the human population has migrated worldwide. Three ethnically distinct lineages of human mtDNA populations have been identified: European, characterized by nine haplogr...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Manwaring N,Jones MM,Wang JJ,Rochtchina E,Mitchell P,Sue CM

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paradigms for managing acromegaly have undergone major changes in the past two decades. This has been brought about by combining surgical, pharmacological and radiotherapeutic approaches that provide tight biochemical control to reduce mortality to that of the general population. The biochemical targets for treatment ...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Burt MG,Ho KK

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A number of haematological malignancies can be cured by allogeneic stem cell transplantation but only approximately 30% of Australians have a suitable histocompatible related donor. Matched donors can be found on international registries of unrelated volunteers for a proportion of the remaining patients. For...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Bradstock KF,Hertzberg MS,Kerridge IH,Svennilson J,McGurgan M,Huang G,Antonenas V,Gottlieb DJ

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiac involvement is not regarded as a feature of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). We report a patient with HSP who developed significant cardiac symptoms, which resolved with immunosuppression. We review previous cases of HSP with cardiac features, none of which showed a response to treatment, and discuss evidence t...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Polizzotto MN,Gibbs SD,Beswick W,Seymour JF

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Medical Emergency Teams (MET) have been developed to identify, review and manage acutely unwell ward patients. Previous studies have suggested that there may be obstacles to the utilization and activation of the MET. AIMS:To determine the effect of a detailed education programme on the rate of utilization o...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Jones D,Bates S,Warrillow S,Goldsmith D,Kattula A,Way M,Gutteridge G,Buckmaster J,Bellomo R

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The cost of diabetes is high for both the individual and society. Future health-care planning requires patient-level diabetes-attributable health-care cost data that have not previously been available for Australia. AIM:To determine Australian national direct diabetes-attributable health-care costs for know...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Davis WA,Knuiman MW,Hendrie D,Davis TM

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In 2004, the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) listed infliximab as a subsidised treatment for ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Eligibility to receive this treatment for AS involved fulfilling several criteria. AIM:To examine the medical literature concerning response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inh...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Smith MD,Ahern MJ

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Population-based studies of the prevalence of all functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) using the Rome II criteria are lacking. It is also not certain whether subjects who meet the Rome II criteria for an FGID are different in terms of demographic and psychological characteristics from those subjects ...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Boyce PM,Talley NJ,Burke C,Koloski NA

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcal infections are a common and significant clinical problem in medical practice. Most strains of Staphylococcus aureus are now resistant to penicillin, and methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus (MRSA) are common in hospitals and are emerging in the community. Penicillinase-resistant penicillins (flucl...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Rayner C,Munckhof WJ

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:To study the sputum microbiology of patients admitted to a teaching hospital with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with concomitant pneumonia. METHODS:This was a retrospective study in a tertiary university hospital in Hong Kong. All episodes of AECOPD with pneumonia, patient d...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Ko FW,Lam RK,Li TS,Fok JP,Chan MC,Ng TK,Chan DP,Hui DS

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The relationship between serum triglycerides (TG) level and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality remains controversial. AIMS:To evaluate whether TG level is a risk factor for CHD in elderly people from general population, and to look for interactions between TG and other risk factors. METHODS...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Mazza A,Tikhonoff V,Schiavon L,Casiglia E

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper uses a case example to review the current legal status of advance directives, as well as their ethical rationale. We draw attention to ongoing efforts to institutionalize advance directives, and to some of the tractable and intractable reasons why advance directives are ineffective. We then introduce the co...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Jordens C,Little M,Kerridge I,McPhee J

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We presumed that identification of the factors associated with improvement of fatty livers disease (FLD) would support the therapeutic options for FLD. The goal of this study was to clarify what clinical characteristics are associated with biochemical and sonographic improvements in the non-alcoholic populat...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Park SH,Kim BI,Kim HJ,Kim H,Kim SH,Park DI,Cho YK,Sung IK,Sohn CI,Jeon WK,Keum DK

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:To develop a well-tolerated outpatient chemotherapy regimen for hormone-insensitive prostate cancer. METHOD:Forty patients received carboplatin 20 mg/m2 by continuous ambulatory infusion with oral etoposide 50 mg/day for 21 days repeated every 6 weeks. RESULTS:Four patients had a partial response and 16 patients ...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Olver I,Keefe D,Myers M

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the frequency of cannula-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (CASAB) there is uncertainty regarding the duration of treatment required. AIM:To determine the relationship between the duration and type of treatment for CASAB and subsequent relapse with deep-seated S. aureus infection. METHOD...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Thomas MG,Morris AJ

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:To carry out an audit of the appropriateness of fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) and platelets (Plt) transfusion with reference to the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council/Australian Society of Blood Transfusion Clinical Practice Guidelines, and to assess the impact of a self-educating transfusion reque...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Hui CH,Williams I,Davis K

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:To prospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of Selective Internal Radiation (SIR) Spheres (Sirtex Medical, Sydney, NSW, Australia) in patients with unresectable primary or secondary hepatic malignancies. METHODS:We report our experience of SIR sphere therapy at three Australian centres. Patients with previou...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Lim L,Gibbs P,Yip D,Shapiro JD,Dowling R,Smith D,Little A,Bailey W,Liechtenstein M

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this case-control study is to estimate the risks of Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with the use of specific drugs. The suspected cases were identified from the computerized hospital discharge file. We calculated crude relative risks and adjusted them for confounding by...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Lin MS,Dai YS,Pwu RF,Chen YH,Chang NC

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet drug increasingly used in the secondary prevention of atherosclerotic vascular events. Compared with aspirin, clopidogrel has marginal additional efficacy and similar safety, but carries a substantial price premium. It remains unclear whether its use is cost-effective. AIMS:(i...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Kubler PA,Pillans PI,Marrinan MC,Frogley M

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this essay, I reflect on my experience as a multiple sclerosis patient in order to identify some of the unique challenges that chronic disability poses in the physician-patient relationship. I suggest that it is important to broaden the goals of the clinical encounter to incorporate personal (as opposed to simply b...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Toombs SK

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The indication for permanent pacemaker remains controversial in malignant neurocardiogenic syncope. A highly reproducible prolonged pause during a repeat head-up tilt-table testing may identify a subgroup of neurally mediated syncope with a prominent and consistent cardioinhibitory component. Seven patients (3 females...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Omar AR,Ng KS,Ng WL,Sutandar A

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper examines the differences between clinical and public health ethics and provides several examples of contemporary public health challenges that pose ethical questions. The relations among ethics, rights and obligations are explored, because public health philosophers propose these as different ways for publi...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Leeder SR

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrillation (AF), an important and treatable cause of ischaemic stroke, can occur as a sustained or a paroxysmal arrhythmia. Continuous cardiac rhythm monitoring (Holter monitoring) is often performed in stroke patients to identify paroxysmal AF, which is an indication for warfarin anti-coagulation i...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Shafqat S,Kelly PJ,Furie KL

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perhexiline is a prophylactic anti-anginal agent that ameliorates the metabolic basis for myocardial ischaemia and is increasingly used in the management of acute coronary syndromes. No intravenous preparation is available and usual oral loading regimens require 2-3 days to achieve therapeutic drug levels. Two patient...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Philpott A,Chandy S,Morris R,Horowitz JD

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Cardiac myxoma is a rare but important cause of stroke, which affects young people. More recently the diagnosis has been enhanced by the use of echocardiograms. We aimed to review the neurological presentations, including stroke, of cardiac myxoma in this modern era of diagnosis and management. MET...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Ekinci EI,Donnan GA

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ABSTRACT Treatment of invasive fungal infections is increasingly complex. Amphotericin B deoxycholate has long been the mainstay of treatment. However, there has been increasing recognition of both the propensity for nephro-toxicity in haematology, transplant and intensive care patients as well as its adverse impact o...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Slavin MA,Szer J,Grigg AP,Roberts AW,Seymour JF,Sasadeusz J,Thursky K,Chen SC,Morrissey CO,Heath CH,Sorrell T

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Circulating antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADab) and tyrosine phosphatase-like molecule IA-2 (IA-2ab) are major indicators for auto-immune destruction of pancreatic islet cells. They identify a majority of Caucasians with type 1 diabetes and approximately 50% of Asians, providing evidence of an ...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Todd AL,Ng WY,Lui KF,Thai AC

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Bronchodilator reversibility (BDR) and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use were assessed for volunteers who responded to an advertisement requesting current or ex-smokers who were experiencing breathlessness to attend for lung function testing. METHODS:One hundred and fifty-four volunteers responded. ...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Reid DW,Soltani A,Johns DP,Bish R,Williams TJ,Burns GP,Walters EH

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Plasma homocysteine is elevated in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Folic acid has been shown to partially reduce homocysteine levels in dialysis patients. It is not known whether vitamin B12 reduces homocysteine independent of folic acid in patien...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Polkinghorne KR,Zoungas S,Branley P,Villanueva E,McNeil JJ,Atkins RC,McGrath BP,Kerr PG

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is accumulating evidence that point-of-care delivery of clinical information such as evidence-based medicine, practice guidelines and drug information can streamline clinical practice and reduce preventable errors. In Australia, hospital-based physicians have -generally been slow to fully use these resources to ...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Wilcox RA,Whitham EM

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in medical research ethics in the past two decades have made the communication of risk to potential participants a legal imperative. Using ethnographic data from two different cultures, we examine the hazards associated with medical research in relation to the respective societal contexts that imbue them with ...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Parker DB,Barrett RJ

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the mortality rate from breast cancer decreases, the issues facing breast cancer survivors are becoming increasingly important. Survivors of all ages may face physical and psychosocial consequences of their diagnosis and treatments. However, the long-term fertility and menopause-related side-effects of adjuvant the...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Friedlander M,Thewes B

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several epidemiological studies have suggested a positive association of coronary heart disease with both Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. The issue has been difficult to resolve because of the potential impact of several confounding factors, in particular, socioeconomic status for H. ...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Fraser AG,Scragg RK,Cox B,Jackson RT

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The parenteral administration of oestradiol acutely protects against exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in women, but whether this effect is sex-specific is not known. AIMS:The effects of acutely administered conjugated equine oestrogen on exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in men with established cor...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Davis SR,Bradbury J,Bell R,Johns JA

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:To characterize long-term mortality trends for infectious and parasitic diseases in Australia during the twentieth century, explore influencing factors and provide suggestions to health policy-makers. METHODS:A descriptive study was conducted. Deaths due to communicable diseases from 1907 to 1997 were tallied, ac...

journal_title：Internal medicine journal

authors： Bi P,Whitby M,Walker S,Parton KA

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00